bulk supplements berberine

Berberine, also known as berberine, is a quaternary ammonium alkaloid isolated from Coptis chinensis, the main antibacterial active ingredient of Coptis chinensis. It is yellow needle-like crystal with bitter taste. It is widely distributed in the plant kingdom, and berberine is found in about 4 families and 10 genera. In 1826, M.-E. Chavalier and G. Peltin obtained for the first time from the bark of Xanthoxylonclava.

It has a wide antibacterial spectrum, and has antibacterial effect on a variety of Gram-positive and negative bacteria in vitro, including hemolytic streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Vibrio cholerae. Meningococcus, Shigella dysenteriae, typhoid bacillus, diphtheria bacillus, etc. have a strong inhibitory effect, inhibiting bacteria at low concentrations and sterilizing at high concentrations. It also has a certain inhibitory effect on influenza virus, amoeba, leptospira, and some skin fungi. In vitro experiments confirmed that berberine can enhance the phagocytosis of leukocytes and liver reticuloendothelial system. Shigella, hemolytic streptococci, and Staphylococcus aureus can easily develop resistance to this product. There is no cross-resistance between this product and penicillin, streptomycin, etc.

In terms of drug metabolism, the oral route has obvious bioavailability limitations. Although it can be quickly distributed to target organs such as the heart, lungs, and liver after injection, the effective plasma concentration is maintained for a short time, especially after intramuscular injection, the blood drug concentration is often lower than the minimum inhibitory concentration. Tissue retention time studies show that only trace amounts of drug residues remain in each organ 24 hours after administration. The metabolic pathway is mainly biotransformation in the body, and less than 5% of the prototype drug is excreted through the excretion system within 48 hours. It should be pointed out that although the drug has significant efficacy against susceptible bacteria such as Shigella dysenteriae and hemolytic streptococci, the evolution trend of resistant strains has been observed clinically. It is gratifying that its resistance mechanism has no cross-resistance with traditional antibiotics such as penicillins and aminoglycosides, which provides the possibility of combined use. In recent years, its expanded application in the field of digestive system diseases has attracted much attention, especially the relief effect of regulating the gastric microenvironment on chronic gastritis and peptic ulcers, which has opened up a new treatment dimension for traditional antibacterial drugs.

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