In recent years, non-nutritive sweeteners have been widely added to daily products, aiming to reduce the total energy in food and medicine and reduce people's calorie intake without affecting the flavor and taste. The current study found that rebaudioside can change the cell cycle of human epidermal cells, alleviating liver fibrosis in mice and relieving non-alcoholic fatty liver hepatitis in mice. However, whether it has more physiological functions in vivo is still unclear.
Shui Guanghou's research group at the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, used the model animal Caenorhabditis elegans as the experimental object to explore its potential physiological role. The results found that it significantly increased the physiological lifespan of the nematodes after treatment, and the physiological health of the nematodes tended to be younger. Secondly, therapy can dramatically reduce the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species under oxidative stress and increase the resistance of nematodes to acute oxidative stress.
Differentially expressed genes were enriched in the mTOR signaling pathway through transcriptomic analysis. Using qPCR, it was found that the expression of TOR and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway-related genes in nematodes was decreased after treatment, and the expression of downstream autophagy-related genes was increased. The lipid storage of nematodes in the treatment group was significantly reduced by Nile red staining, and lipidomics showed that phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylinositol contents in nematodes treated were reduced considerably. The findings suggest that in addition to acting as a natural non-nutritive sweetener, it has biological effects of prolonging lifespan in nematodes, enhancing oxidative stress, and altering lipid metabolism in the body, providing further evidence for exploring its potential medicinal value.
The findings were published online on February 8, 2021, in the journal Antioxidants under the title Enhances Resistance to Oxidative Stress and Extends Lifespan and Healthspan in Caenorhabditis elegans." Li Pan, a master's student in Shui Guanghou's research group, is the first author of the article, and researcher Shui Guangzhou and visiting scholar Dr. Lam Sin Man are the co-corresponding authors. The thesis was funded by the National Key R&D Program and China's National Natural Science Foundation.
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